Generally, we can divide voltage stabilizers into three types: electronic voltage stabilizers, electromechanical regulators, and automatic voltage stabilizers.
The electronic regulator is made of a series of diodes. Because of its VI curve shape, the voltage on all diodes will vary slightly. This is due to changes in input. If precise voltage and efficiency levels do not play an important role, the design is working well.
Electromechanical regulators are used to maintaining a constant voltage supply on AC power distribution lines. Electromechanical regulators are called regulators. For use in autotransformers, these regulators are adapted to the operation of the servo mechanism.
The voltage adjustment is completed by winding the sensing wire. It generates electromagnetic fields. The magnetic field attracts the moving iron core to gravity. As a result, when the voltage increases, the current also increases. Also, the magnet is connected to the power switch. When the magnet moves into the magnetic field, it will turn on. When the voltage decreases, the current also decreases, so the spring tension is released. Therefore, as a result, the switch is closed and power starts to flow again. When the voltage range is not within the specified value, the servo mechanism is only used to switch taps. The secondary voltage of the electromechanical regulator can be changed to obtain the desired output voltage value.
Automatic voltage stabilizers are usually used in power stations. It has an automatic voltage regulator (AVR), which can stabilize and maintain the voltage when the generator load changes. Traditional voltage stabilizers used to use electromechanical systems, but today's automatic voltage stabilizers use solid-state equipment. Basically, the AVR compares all output voltages of the generator with the set point. Then, it sends a signal through which to adjust the excitation.
The main components that make the stabilizer work effectively are: dimmers, step-down and step-up transformers, carbon brushes, servo motors, carbon brushes, contactors, MCB / MCCB.
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